ناهنجاریهای حاصل از اثر القایی رتینوئیک اسید در اندامهای حرکتی جنین موش و تأثیر آن بر خون مادر

&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Retinoic acid (RA) plays key roles in pattern &nbsp;formation along the major &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; body axis and vertebrate limb formation. Exposure to excess&nbsp; retinoic &nbsp;acid &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in utero&nbsp; generates&nbsp; congenital &nbsp;malformations&nbsp; in&nbsp; craniofacial , limbs&nbsp; and &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; axial skeleton. The&nbsp; aim&nbsp; of&nbsp;&nbsp; this&nbsp; study&nbsp; was to determine, the retinoic acid &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; induced limb malformations in&nbsp; mouse embryo and its &nbsp;effect on maternal &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; blood. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In&nbsp;&nbsp; this&nbsp;&nbsp; study&nbsp;&nbsp; NMRI&nbsp;&nbsp; mice&nbsp;&nbsp; were&nbsp; administered by 100 mg/kg&nbsp; RA&nbsp; on &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; day 9,10&nbsp;&nbsp; and 11 of pregnancy . In day 18 of&nbsp;&nbsp; pregnancy&nbsp; &nbsp;embryos&nbsp; were &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; obtained through cesarean&nbsp; section.&nbsp; Maternal&nbsp;&nbsp; blood&nbsp; was &nbsp;examined for &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; hematological&nbsp;&nbsp; studies .&nbsp; Embryos&nbsp; were&nbsp; studied&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; case&nbsp;&nbsp; of skeletal &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; elements and histological preparations. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The results&nbsp;&nbsp; demonstrate&nbsp; that 9&nbsp; days&nbsp;&nbsp; embryos&nbsp;&nbsp; carry&nbsp;&nbsp; 37.1%&nbsp; forelimb &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; defects and 31.4% hindlimb defects and 100% of 10 and 11 days&nbsp; embryos &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; show&nbsp; limb&nbsp; defects .&nbsp; These&nbsp; defects&nbsp; include&nbsp;&nbsp; shortened&nbsp; or&nbsp;&nbsp; bent&nbsp;&nbsp; limbs , &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; absence&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; of&nbsp;&nbsp; some&nbsp; long&nbsp; bones&nbsp; and&nbsp; a&nbsp; wide range&nbsp; of&nbsp; digital&nbsp; defects. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hematological&nbsp;&nbsp; studies&nbsp; indicated&nbsp;&nbsp; that&nbsp;&nbsp; amounts&nbsp; of&nbsp;&nbsp; hemoglobin&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; and &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; hematocrit as well as number of red and white blood cells were reduced &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (p<0.05). &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Therefore ,&nbsp; present&nbsp; defects&nbsp; indicated&nbsp; that&nbsp; pregnant&nbsp; women&nbsp; should &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; take&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; care&nbsp;&nbsp; for&nbsp;&nbsp; using&nbsp;&nbsp; retinoic&nbsp;&nbsp; acid , specially&nbsp;&nbsp; during&nbsp; first&nbsp;&nbsp; trimester of &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pregnancy.